C语言函数大全--b开头的函数

总览

函数声明 函数功能
void bar(int left, int top, int right, int bottom); 画一个二维条形图
void bar3d(int left, int top, int right, int bottom, int depth, int topflag); 画一个三维条形图
int bdos(int dosfun, unsigned dosdx, unsigned dosal); DOS系统调用
int bdosptr(int dosfun, void *argument, unsigned dosal); DOS系统调用
int bioscom(int cmd, char abyte, int port); 串行I/O通信
int biosdisk(int cmd, int drive, int head, int track, int sector, int nsects, void *buffer); 软硬盘I/O
int bioskey(int cmd); 直接使用BIOS服务的键盘接口
int biosmemory(void); 返回存储块大小,以K为单位
int biosprint(int cmd, int byte, int port); 直接使用BIOS服务的打印机I/O
long biostime(int cmd, long newtime); 读取或设置BIOS时间
int brk(void *endds); 用来改变分配给调用程序的数据段的空间数量
void *bsearch(const void *key, const void *base, size_t *nelem, size_t width, int(*fcmp)(const void *, const *)); 二分法搜索

1. bar

1.1 函数说明

函数声明 函数功能
void bar(int left, int top, int right, int bottom); 画一个二维条形图

关注点: 绘制二维条形图需要左上角和右下角的坐标。 left 指定左上角的 X 坐标,top 指定左上角的 Y 坐标,right 指定右下角的 X 坐标,bottom 指定右下角的 Y 坐标。 当前填充图案和填充颜色用于填充条形图。 要更改填充图案和填充颜色,请使用 setfillstyle

1.2 演示示例

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#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int midx, midy, i;

/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}

midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;

/* loop through the fill patterns */
for (i=SOLID_FILL; i<USER_FILL; i++)
{
/* set the fill style */
setfillstyle(i, getmaxcolor());

/* draw the bar */
bar(midx-50, midy-50, midx+50, midy+50);

getch();
}

/* clean up */
closegraph();
return 0;
}

1.3 运行结果

2. bar3d

2.1 函数说明

函数声明 函数功能
void bar3d(int left, int top, int right, int bottom, int depth, int topflag); 画一个三维条形图

关注点: 绘制三维条形图需要条形左上角和右下角的坐标。 left 指定左上角的 X 坐标,top 指定左上角的 Y 坐标,right 指定右下角的 X 坐标,bottom 指定右下角的 Y 坐标,depth 指定条的深度 以像素为单位,topflag 确定是否将 3 维顶部放置在条形图上(如果它不为零,则放置否则不放置)。 当前填充图案和填充颜色用于填充条形图。 要更改填充图案和填充颜色,请使用 setfillstyle

2.2 演示示例

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#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int midx, midy, i;

/* initialize graphics, local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with error code */
}

midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;

/* loop through the fill patterns */
for (i=EMPTY_FILL; i<USER_FILL; i++)
{
/* set the fill style */
setfillstyle(i, getmaxcolor());

/* draw the 3-d bar */
bar3d(midx-50, midy-50, midx+50, midy+50, 10, 1);

getch();
}

/* clean up */
closegraph();
return 0;
}

2.3 运行结果

3. bdos

3.1 函数说明

函数声明 函数功能
int bdos(int dosfun, unsigned dosdx, unsigned dosal); DOS系统调用

3.2 演示示例

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <dos.h>

/* Get current drive as 'A', 'B', ... */
char current_drive(void)
{
char curdrive;

/* Get current disk as 0, 1, ... */
curdrive = bdos(0x19, 0, 0);
return('A' + curdrive);
}

int main(void)
{
printf("The current drive is %c:\n", current_drive());
return 0;
}

4. bdosptr

4.1 函数说明

函数声明 函数功能
int bdosptr(int dosfun, void *argument, unsigned dosal); DOS系统调用

4.2 演示示例

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#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dir.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define BUFLEN 80

int main(void)
{
char buffer[BUFLEN];
int test;

printf("Enter full pathname of a directory\n");
gets(buffer);

test = bdosptr(0x3B,buffer,0);
if(test)
{
printf("DOS error message: %d\n", errno);
/* See errno.h for error listings */
exit (1);
}

getcwd(buffer, BUFLEN);
printf("The current directory is: %s\n", buffer);

return 0;
}

5. bioscom

5.1 函数说明

函数声明 函数功能
int bioscom(int cmd, char abyte, int port); 串行I/O通信

5.2 演示示例

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#include <bios.h>
#include <conio.h>

#define COM1 0
#define DATA_READY 0x100
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0

#define SETTINGS ( 0x80 | 0x02 | 0x00 | 0x00)

int main(void)
{
int in, out, status, DONE = FALSE;

bioscom(0, SETTINGS, COM1);
cprintf("... BIOSCOM [ESC] to exit ...\n");
while (!DONE)
{
status = bioscom(3, 0, COM1);
if (status & DATA_READY)
if ((out = bioscom(2, 0, COM1) & 0x7F) != 0)
putch(out);
if (kbhit())
{
if ((in = getch()) == '\x1B')
DONE = TRUE;
bioscom(1, in, COM1);
}
}
return 0;
}

6. biosdisk

6.1 函数说明

函数声明 函数功能
int biosdisk(int cmd, int drive, int head, int track, int sector, int nsects, void *buffer); 软硬盘I/O

6.2 演示示例

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#include <bios.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
int result;
char buffer[512];

printf("Testing to see if drive a: is ready\n");
result = biosdisk(4,0,0,0,0,1,buffer);
result &= 0x02;
(result) ? (printf("Drive A: Ready\n")) : (printf("Drive A: Not Ready\n"));

return 0;
}

7. bioskey

7.1 函数说明

函数声明 函数功能
int bioskey(int cmd); 直接使用BIOS服务的键盘接口

7.2 演示示例

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <bios.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#define RIGHT 0x01
#define LEFT 0x02
#define CTRL 0x04
#define ALT 0x08

int main(void)
{
int key, modifiers;

/* function 1 returns 0 until a key is pressed */
while (bioskey(1) == 0);

/* function 0 returns the key that is waiting */
key = bioskey(0);

/* use function 2 to determine if shift keys were used */
modifiers = bioskey(2);
if (modifiers)
{
printf("[");
if (modifiers & RIGHT) printf("RIGHT");
if (modifiers & LEFT) printf("LEFT");
if (modifiers & CTRL) printf("CTRL");
if (modifiers & ALT) printf("ALT");
printf("]");
}
/* print out the character read */
if (isalnum(key & 0xFF))
printf("'%c'\n", key);
else
printf("%#02x\n", key);
return 0;
}

8. biosmemory

8.1 函数说明

函数声明 函数功能
int biosmemory(void); 返回存储块大小,以K为单位

8.2 演示示例

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <bios.h>

int main(void)
{
int memory_size;

memory_size = biosmemory(); /* returns value up to 640K */
printf("RAM size = %dK\n",memory_size);
return 0;
}

9. biosprint

9.1 函数说明

函数声明 函数功能
int biosprint(int cmd, int byte, int port); 直接使用BIOS服务的打印机I/O

9.2 演示示例

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <bios.h>

int main(void)
{
#define STATUS 2 /* printer status command */
#define PORTNUM 0 /* port number for LPT1 */

int status, abyte=0;

printf("Please turn off your printer. Press any key to continue\n");
getch();
status = biosprint(STATUS, abyte, PORTNUM);
if (status & 0x01)
printf("Device time out.\n");
if (status & 0x08)
printf("I/O error.\n");

if (status & 0x10)
printf("Selected.\n");
if (status & 0x20)
printf("Out of paper.\n");

if (status & 0x40)
printf("Acknowledge.\n");
if (status & 0x80)
printf("Not busy.\n");

return 0;
}

10. biostime

10.1 函数说明

函数声明 函数功能
long biostime(int cmd, long newtime); 读取或设置BIOS时间

10.2 演示示例

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <bios.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main(void)
{
long bios_time;

clrscr();
cprintf("The number of clock ticks since midnight is:\r\n");
cprintf("The number of seconds since midnight is:\r\n");
cprintf("The number of minutes since midnight is:\r\n");
cprintf("The number of hours since midnight is:\r\n");
cprintf("\r\nPress any key to quit:");
while(!kbhit())
{
bios_time = biostime(0, 0L);

gotoxy(50, 1);
cprintf("%lu", bios_time);

gotoxy(50, 2);
cprintf("%.4f", bios_time / CLK_TCK);

gotoxy(50, 3);
cprintf("%.4f", bios_time / CLK_TCK / 60);

gotoxy(50, 4);
cprintf("%.4f", bios_time / CLK_TCK / 3600);
}
return 0;
}

11. brk

11.1 函数说明

函数声明 函数功能
int brk(void *endds); 用来改变分配给调用程序的数据段的空间数量

11.2 演示示例

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <alloc.h>

int main(void)
{
char *ptr;

printf("Changing allocation with brk()\n");
ptr = malloc(1);
printf("Before brk() call: %lu bytes free\n", coreleft());
brk(ptr+1000);
printf(" After brk() call: %lu bytes free\n", coreleft());
return 0;
}

12. bsearch

12.1 函数说明

函数声明 函数功能
void *bsearch(const void *key, const void *base, size_t *nelem, size_t width, int(*fcmp)(const void *, const *)); 二分法搜索

12.2 演示示例

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#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define NELEMS(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]))

int numarray[] = {1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14};

int numeric (const int *p1, const int *p2)
{
return(*p1 - *p2);
}

int lookup(int key)
{
int *itemptr;

/* The cast of (int(*)(const void *,const void*)) is needed to avoid a type mismatch error at compile time */
itemptr = (int(*))bsearch(&key, numarray, NELEMS(numarray), sizeof(int), (int(*)(const void *,const void *))numeric);
return (itemptr != NULL);
}

int main(void)
{
int a;
printf("Please input key: ");
scanf("%d", &a);
if (lookup(a))
printf("%d is in the table.\n", a);
else
printf("%d isn't in the table.\n", a);
return 0;
}

12.3 运行结果


参考

  1. [API Reference Document]
  2. [c语言中的 bar 函数]
  3. [c语言中的 bar3d 函数]